Ingxelo ye-Tesla ye-Q3 ka-2021 ibhengeze utshintsho kwiibhetri ze-LiFePO4 njengomgangatho omtsha kwizithuthi zayo.Kodwa zithini kanye iibhetri zeLiFePO4?
I-NEW YORK, E-NEW YORK, eU.SA, ngoMeyi 26, 2022 / EINPresswire.com/ - Ngaba bayindlela engcono kwiibhetri ze-Li-Ion?Zahluke njani ezi bhetri kwezinye iibhetri?
Intshayelelo kwiibhetri zeLiFePO4
Ibhetri ye-lithium iron phosphate (LFP) ibhetri ye-lithium-ion kunye nokutshaja ngokukhawuleza kunye namazinga okukhupha.Ibhetri ehlaziywayo kunye ne-LiFePO4 njenge-cathode kunye ne-graphic carbon electrode ene-metallic backing njenge-anode.
Iibhetri ze-LiFePO4 zinoxinano lwamandla aphantsi kuneebhetri ze-lithium-ion kunye ne-voltage ephantsi yokusebenza.Zinezinga eliphantsi lokukhupha kunye neegophe ezicangcileyo kwaye zikhuselekile kune-Li-ion.Ezi bhetri zikwabizwa ngokuba ziibhetri ze-lithium ferrophosphate.
Ukuveliswa kweebhetri zeLiFePO4
Iibhetri zeLiFePO4zayilwa nguJohn B. Goodenough kunye noArumugam Manthiram.Babephakathi kwabokuqala ukuchonga izinto ezisetyenziswa kwiibhetri ze-lithium-ion.Izixhobo ze-Anode azifanelekanga kwiibhetri ze-lithium-ion ngenxa yokuthambekela kwabo kwi-short-circuiting yokuqala.
Iingcali zenzululwazi zifumene ukuba izinto ze-cathode zingcono xa zithelekiswa ne-lithium-ion battery cathodes.Oku kuphawuleka ngakumbi kwiiyantlukwano zebhetri yeLiFePO4.Baphucula uzinzo kunye ne-conductivity kunye nokuphucula iindidi zeminye imiba.
Kwezi ntsuku, iibhetri zeLiFePO4 zifumaneka kuyo yonke indawo kwaye zinezicelo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwezikhephe, iinkqubo zelanga, kunye nezithuthi.Iibhetri zeLiFePO4 azinacobalt kwaye azibizi kakhulu kunezinye iindlela ezininzi.Ayinatyhefu kwaye inobomi obude beshelufu.
Inkcazo yebhetri yeLFP
Umthombo
Umsebenzi weeNkqubo zoLawulo lweBhetri kwiibhetri zeLFP
Iibhetri ze-LFP zenziwe ngaphezu kweeseli ezidibeneyo;banenkqubo eqinisekisa ukuba ibhetri ihlala ngaphakathi kwemida ekhuselekileyo.Inkqubo yolawulo lwebhetri (BMS) ikhusela, ilawula, kwaye ibeke iliso kwibhetri phantsi kweemeko zokusebenza ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokwandisa ubomi bebhetri.
Umsebenzi weeNkqubo zoLawulo lweBhetri kwiibhetri zeLFP
Nangona iiseli ze-lithium ze-iron phosphate zinyamezela ngakumbi, nangona kunjalo ziyakwazi ukugqithisa ngexesha lokutshaja, okunciphisa ukusebenza.Izinto ezisetyenziselwa i-cathode zinokuthi ziwohloke kwaye ziphulukane nokuzinza.I-BMS ilawula imveliso yeseli nganye kwaye iqinisekisa ukuba amandla ombane aphezulu ebhetri agciniwe.
Njengoko izinto ze-electrode zihla, i-Undervoltage iba yinkxalabo enzima.Ukuba nayiphi na i-voltage yeseli yehla ngaphantsi kwe-threshold ethile, i-BMS iyayikhupha ibhetri kwisekethi.Ikwasebenza njenge-backstop kwimeko ye-overcurrent kwaye iya kuvala ukusebenza kwayo ngexesha lokujikeleza okufutshane.
Iibhetri zeLiFePO4 vs. Iibhetri zeLithium-Ion
Iibhetri ze-LiFePO4 azifanelekanga izixhobo ezinxitywayo ezifana neewotshi.Banobuninzi obuphantsi bamandla kunayo nayiphi na enye ibhetri ye-lithium.Nangona kunjalo, zezona zilungileyo kwiinkqubo zamandla elanga, ii-RVs, iinqwelo zegalufa, izikhephe ze-bass, kunye nezithuthuthu zombane.
Enye yeenzuzo eziphambili zezi bhetri bubomi babo bomjikelezo.
Ezi bhetri zingahlala ngaphezulu kwe-4x ixesha elide kunezinye.Zikhuselekile kwaye zinokufikelela kwi-100% ubunzulu bokukhutshwa, oku kuthetha ukuba zingasetyenziselwa ixesha elide.
Apha ngezantsi kukho ezinye izizathu zokuba kutheni ezi bhetri ziyindlela engcono kwiibhetri ze-Li-ion.
Ixabiso eliphantsi
Iibhetri ze-LFP zenziwe ngentsimbi kunye ne-phosphorus, zombiwa kwizinga elikhulu, kwaye azibizi.Iindleko zeebhetri ze-LFP ziqikelelwa ukuba zingaphantsi kweepesenti ze-70 ngekhilogram kune-nickel-rich-rich NMC iibhetri.Ukubunjwa kwayo kweekhemikhali kunika inzuzo yeendleko.Amaxabiso eeseli asezantsi axeliweyo kwiibhetri ze-LFP zehla ngaphantsi kwe-$100/kWh okokuqala ngqa ngo-2020.
Impembelelo encinci yokusiNgqongileyo
Iibhetri ze-LFP aziqukethe i-nickel okanye i-cobalt, ezibiza kakhulu kwaye zinefuthe elikhulu lokusingqongileyo.Ezi bhetri ziyatshajwa kwakhona nto leyo ebonisa ukusebenziseka kwazo kwendalo.
Uphuculo lweNdlela yokuSebenza kunye nokuSebenza
Iibhetri ze-LFP ziyaziwa ngokuphila kwazo ixesha elide, zizenza ukhetho oludumileyo lwezicelo ezifuna ukuphuma kwamandla okuthembekileyo kunye nokuhambelana ngexesha.Ezi bhetri zifumana amazinga aphantsi okulahlekelwa amandla kunezinye iibhetri ze-lithium-ion, ezinceda ukugcina ukusebenza kwazo kwixesha elide.Ukongezelela, bane-voltage ephantsi yokusebenza, okubangelwa ukuchasana okuncinci kwangaphakathi kunye nokukhawuleza kwentlawulo / ukukhutshwa kwezantya.
Ukhuseleko olomeleziweyo kunye nokuzinza
Iibhetri ze-LFP zizinzile ngokwasemzimbeni nangokwekhemikhali, kungoko azinakwenzeka ukuba ziqhume okanye zibambe umlilo.I-LFP ivelisa isinye kwisithandathu sobushushu be-nickel-rich-NMC.Ngenxa yokuba i-Co-O bond yomelele kwiibhetri ze-LFP, ii-athomu ze-oksijini zikhutshwa ngokucothayo ukuba zifutshane okanye zigqithise ukushisa.Ngaphezu koko, akukho i-lithium ehlala kwiiseli ezigcwele ngokupheleleyo, ezenza zixhathise kakhulu ekulahlekeni kwe-oksijini xa kuthelekiswa neempendulo ze-exothermic ezibonwa kwezinye iiseli ze-lithium.
Incinci kwaye iKhaphukhaphu
Iibhetri ze-LFP ziphantse zibe yi-50% khaphukhaphu kuneebhetri ze-lithium manganese oxide.Bakhaphukhaphu ukuya kuthi ga kwi-70% kuneebhetri ze-lead-asidi.Xa usebenzisa ibhetri ye-LiFePO4 kwisithuthi, usebenzisa igesi encinci kwaye ube nokuhamba okungaphezulu.Zikwancinci kwaye zixinene, zikuvumela ukuba wonge indawo kwi-scooter yakho, isikhephe, iRV, okanye usetyenziso lweshishini.
Iibhetri zeLiFePO4 vs. Iibhetri ezingezizo iiLithium
Iibhetri ezingezizo i-lithium zinenani leenzuzo kodwa kusenokwenzeka ukuba zitshintshwe phakathi enyakeni xa kunikwa amandla ebhetri entsha yeLiFePo4 njengoko ubuchwephesha obudala bubiza imali eninzi kwaye bungasebenzi kakuhle.
Iibhetri zeLead Acid
Iibhetri ze-lead-asidi zinokubonakala zinendleko ekuqaleni, kodwa ziphela zibiza kakhulu kwixesha elide.Oku kungenxa yokuba zifuna ukulungiswa rhoqo kunye nokutshintshwa.Ibhetri ye-LiFePO4 iya kuhlala ixesha elide le-2-4 ngaphandle kokugcinwa okufunekayo.
Iibhetri zeGel
Iibhetri zeGel, njengeebhetri zeLiFePO4, azifuni ukutshajwa rhoqo kwaye azilahlekelwa yintlawulo ngelixa zigcinwa.Kodwa iibhetri zejeli zitshaja ngesantya esiphantsi.Kufuneka ziqhawulwe ngokukhawuleza xa zihlawuliswe ngokupheleleyo ukuphepha ukutshatyalaliswa.
Iibhetri zeAGM
Ngelixa iibhetri zeAGM zisemngciphekweni omkhulu wokonakala ngaphantsi kwe-50% umthamo, iibhetri ze-LiFePO4 zinokukhutshwa ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle komngcipheko womonakalo.Kwakhona, kunzima ukuwagcina.
Izicelo zeebhetri zeLiFePO4
Iibhetri ze-LiFePO4 zinezicelo ezininzi ezixabisekileyo, kuquka
Iinqanawa zokuloba kunye neeKayaks: Unokuchitha ixesha elininzi emanzini kunye nexesha elincinci lokutshaja kunye nexesha elide lokubaleka.Ubunzima obuncinci bubonelela ukuphatha lula kunye nesantya esikhawulezayo ngexesha lokhuphiswano oluphezulu lokuloba.
Ii-scooters zokuhamba kunye ne-mopeds: Akukho bunzima bufileyo bokucothisa.Tshaja ibhetri yakho ngaphantsi komthamo ogcweleyo kwiihambo ezizenzekelayo ngaphandle kokuyonakalisa.
Ulungelelwaniso lweSolar: Phatha iibhetri zeLiFePO4 ezikhaphukhaphu naphi na apho ubomi bukusa khona (nokuba unyuke intaba okanye ukhuphe igridi) ukuze usebenzise amandla elanga.
Usetyenziso lwentengiso: Ezi zezona zikhuselekileyo, iibhetri ze-lithium ziqine kakhulu ezizenza zilungele usetyenziso lwemizi-mveliso njengoomatshini bomgangatho, iilifgates, nokunye.
Ngaphaya koko, iibhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate zinika amandla ezinye izixhobo ezininzi ezinje ngeetotshi, icuba zombane, izixhobo zikanomathotholo, izibane zikaxakeka, kunye nezinye izinto.
Amathuba okuphunyezwa kwe-LFP yesikali esibanzi
Ngelixa iibhetri ze-LFP zingabizi kakhulu kwaye zizinzile kunezinye iindlela, ukuxinana kwamandla kube ngumqobo obalulekileyo wokwamkelwa ngokubanzi.Iibhetri ze-LFP zinobuninzi obuphantsi kakhulu bamandla, ukusuka phakathi kwe-15 kunye ne-25%.Nangona kunjalo, oku kutshintsha kusetyenziswa ii-electrode ezityebileyo ezifana nezo zisetyenziswa kwiModel 3 eyenziwe yiShanghai, enoxinano lwamandla angama-359Wh/litre.
Ngenxa yobomi obude beebhetri ze-LFP, banomthamo omkhulu kuneebhetri ze-Li-ion zobunzima obunokuthelekiswa.Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuxinana kwamandla kwezi bhetri kuya kufana kakhulu ngokuhamba kwexesha.
Esinye isithintelo ekuthathweni komntwana ngobuninzi kukuba i-China yongamele imarike ngenxa yokubulawa kwamalungelo awodwa abenzi be-LFP.Njengoko la malungelo awodwa omenzi wechiza ephelelwa, kukho uqikelelo lokuba imveliso ye-LFP, njengokwenziwa kwezithuthi, iya kwenziwa yasekhaya.
Oomatshini abakhulu abanjengoFord, iVolkswagen, kunye neTesla baya besebenzisa itekhnoloji ngokuthatha indawo ye-nickel okanye i-cobalt formulations.Isibhengezo samva nje sikaTesla kuhlaziyo lwayo lwekota sisiqalo nje.I-Tesla iphinde yabonelela ngohlaziyo olufutshane kwipakethi yebhetri ye-4680, eya kuba namandla aphezulu kunye noluhlu.Kuyenzeka ukuba uTesla asebenzise "iseli-ukupakisha" ulwakhiwo ukujiya iiseli ezininzi kunye nokwamkela ukuxinana kwamandla asezantsi.
Nangona ubudala bayo, i-LFP kunye nokwehliswa kweendleko zebhetri kunokuba kubaluleke kakhulu ekukhawuleziseni ukwamkelwa kwe-EV enkulu.Ngo-2023, amaxabiso e-lithium-ion kulindeleke ukuba asondele kwi-$ 100 / kWh.Ii-LFPs zinokwenza ii-automakers zigxininise izinto ezinje lula okanye ixesha lokutshaja endaweni yexabiso nje.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-10-2022